Hooked
Summary:
"Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products" by Nir Eyal unveils the secrets behind creating products that seamlessly integrate into users' daily lives. Eyal introduces the Hook model, a four-stage cycle strategically designed to captivate and retain user engagement.
1. Trigger
Initiating the cycle requires a trigger, either external (e.g., advertising, PR) or internal (user-generated feelings like boredom). The goal is to transition from external triggers to internal ones, creating habitual engagement without conscious thought.
2. Action
Triggers lead to actions, where users perform a streamlined, delightful task to receive a promised reward. For startups, simplifying the process is paramount, as habits are formed when actions become second nature, requiring minimal cognitive effort.
3. Variable Reward
Crucially, the reward phase introduces variability, preventing predictability and maintaining user interest. Unlike a static feedback loop, variable rewards keep users engaged by introducing an element of unpredictability, preventing anticipatory boredom.
4. Investment
After the reward, the cycle culminates in an investment request from the user. This involves a small, personal contribution, such as creating content or providing data. Users, valuing their own efforts disproportionately, become more attached to the product, a phenomenon known as "the IKEA effect."
Through real-world examples and a systematic breakdown of the Hook model, Eyal navigates the ethical considerations of habit-forming technologies while empowering entrepreneurs and product designers with the tools to create products that genuinely enhance users' lives.
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